ABS vs. PVC — What's the Difference?
By Tayyaba Rehman — Updated on September 23, 2023
ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) is a thermoplastic known for its toughness and impact resistance. PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) is another thermoplastic but is more rigid and is also used for its chemical resistance.
Difference Between ABS and PVC
Table of Contents
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Key Differences
ABS is a common thermoplastic polymer typically used for injection molding applications. PVC, on the other hand, is widely used in the construction sector for pipes and in the clothing industry for leather-like materials.
In terms of chemical composition, ABS is made from three monomers: acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene. PVC is mainly composed of vinyl chloride, with additives that modify its properties.
ABS has excellent impact resistance and toughness, making it suitable for complex assemblies and toys like LEGO. PVC is generally more rigid and is often used for construction materials such as pipes and vinyl siding.
For environmental considerations, ABS is not known for being especially eco-friendly, and neither is PVC. However, PVC produces chlorine gas when burned, which makes its environmental impact more controversial.
Temperature resistance is another area where these materials differ. ABS can generally withstand higher temperatures than PVC, which can soften at high temperatures, affecting its shape and structure.
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Comparison Chart
Common Uses
Injection molding, toys
Construction, clothing
Chemical Makeup
Acrylonitrile, Butadiene, Styrene
Vinyl Chloride
Material Property
Impact-resistant, tough
Rigid, chemically resistant
Environmental
Not particularly eco-friendly
Produces chlorine gas when burned
Temperature
Higher temperature resistance
Can soften at high temperatures
Compare with Definitions
Abs
ABS is a type of thermoplastic polymer.
ABS is commonly used in 3D printing.
Pvc
PVC is a widely used synthetic plastic polymer.
PVC pipes are commonly used in plumbing.
Abs
ABS is often used in injection molding.
Many automotive components are made from ABS.
Pvc
PVC can have additives to modify its properties.
Flexible PVC is used for electrical cable insulation.
Abs
ABS is made from acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene.
The unique blend of materials gives ABS its distinctive properties.
Pvc
PVC stands for Polyvinyl Chloride.
The vinyl chloride in PVC gives it its name.
Abs
ABS is known for its impact resistance.
ABS is the material of choice for protective helmets.
Pvc
PVC is rigid and strong.
PVC is often used in window frames.
Abs
ABS is not particularly eco-friendly.
There are concerns about ABS's recyclability.
Pvc
PVC has chemical-resistant properties.
PVC is used in chemical processing tanks.
Abs
Abbreviation of abstract
Pvc
A polymer of vinyl chloride used instead of rubber in electric cables
Abs
(informal) The abdominal muscles. ab
Pvc
Irregularity of cardiac rhythm; recurrent occurrences can be a precursor of ventricular fibrillation
Abs
Acronym of absolute temperature
Abs
(mathematics) absolute value function
Abs
The abductor muscles of the stomach; - a contraction used by body-building and health enthusiasts. Used similarly to pecs and delts.
Common Curiosities
What is PVC commonly used for?
PVC is often used for pipes in construction and leather-like materials in clothing.
What is the temperature tolerance of ABS?
ABS generally has higher temperature resistance than PVC.
What are the health concerns with PVC?
The release of chlorine gas when burned is a primary health concern with PVC.
Can PVC be flexible?
Yes, additives can make PVC flexible.
Is PVC environmentally friendly?
PVC is controversial due to the production of chlorine gas when burned.
Is ABS used in automotive components?
Yes, ABS is commonly used in various automotive components.
What does ABS stand for?
ABS stands for Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene.
Is ABS easy to machine?
ABS is relatively easy to machine and finish.
Does PVC come in different colors?
Yes, PVC can be colorized using additives.
What industries commonly use ABS?
Industries like automotive, consumer goods, and toys often use ABS.
Is ABS impact-resistant?
Yes, ABS is known for its excellent impact resistance.
How are ABS and PVC similar?
Both are types of thermoplastic polymers.
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Written by
Tayyaba RehmanTayyaba Rehman is a distinguished writer, currently serving as a primary contributor to askdifference.com. As a researcher in semantics and etymology, Tayyaba's passion for the complexity of languages and their distinctions has found a perfect home on the platform. Tayyaba delves into the intricacies of language, distinguishing between commonly confused words and phrases, thereby providing clarity for readers worldwide.
