Appendicitis vs. Hernia — What's the Difference?

Appendicitis is characterized by the inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch connected to the large intestine, which can cause severe abdominal pain and often requires surgical removal. On the other hand, a hernia occurs when an organ or fatty tissue squeezes through a weak spot in a surrounding muscle or connective tissue called fascia. The most common types of hernias are found in the abdominal area.

While appendicitis symptoms usually include sudden abdominal pain that begins on the right side of the lower abdomen, nausea, and vomiting, hernia symptoms can vary depending on the type but often involve a noticeable bulge in the abdomen or groin, pain, and discomfort, especially when bending over, coughing, or lifting.

The cause of appendicitis is often the blockage of the appendix by feces, a foreign object, or, in rare cases, a tumor, leading to infection. In contrast, hernias can be caused by a combination of muscle weakness and strain. Factors that can cause muscle weakness include age, chronic coughing, and previous surgeries in the area, while strain can occur from lifting heavy weights, constipation, or during pregnancy.

Diagnosis of appendicitis typically involves physical examinations, blood tests to check for infection, and imaging tests like an ultrasound or CT scan. Hernias, however, can often be diagnosed through a physical exam, with imaging tests used to confirm the diagnosis or plan for surgery.

Treatment for appendicitis is usually surgical removal of the appendix, known as an appendectomy. Hernias may require surgery to repair the hole in the muscle wall, but some small hernias can be managed with watchful waiting or lifestyle changes.