Canyon vs. Gorge — What's the Difference?

Canyons and gorges both refer to deep ravines or valleys formed primarily by the erosive action of water. While both share similarities, they have distinguishing features that set them apart. A canyon typically presents as a broad and deep valley with steep sides, often carved out by a river over millions of years. They can span vast distances and are sometimes found in arid desert landscapes where flash floods have cut into the bedrock over time.

On the other hand, a gorge is usually more narrow and is characterized by its steep, almost vertical walls. Gorges often appear as if they've been sliced into the landscape, creating a dramatic chasm. They are typically shorter than canyons and are found where rivers or streams have eroded the land quickly, often due to a sudden change in elevation.

One way to differentiate the two is by looking at their width relative to their depth. Canyons, like the Grand Canyon in Arizona, tend to be wider, allowing for a river and sometimes even a floodplain within them. Gorges, such as the Taroko Gorge in Taiwan, are more constricted, with the river taking up most of the valley floor.

The terms canyon and gorge are sometimes used interchangeably in everyday language, and the distinction might vary based on regional preferences. For instance, what is called a canyon in the U.S. might be referred to as a gorge in the U.K. Regardless of the terminology, both represent the powerful erosive forces of water over time.

In essence, while canyons and gorges are both deep valleys carved by water, they differ in width, depth, and often the environment in which they are found. Both, however, stand as testament to the dynamic and transformative power of nature.