Case Study vs. Case History — What's the Difference?

A case study and case history, while sounding similar, serve different academic and professional purposes. A case study typically focuses on the detailed examination of a specific subject, situation, or phenomenon. Researchers use case studies to explore, analyze, and understand complex issues within real-life contexts. This method is particularly valuable in situations where a unique or special instance needs to be illuminated.

On the other hand, a case history is more about chronicling events, problems, or the medical background of an individual or entity. In medical and psychological fields, professionals document the history of a patient's condition, treatments, and outcomes. This record provides valuable insights into the individual's health and can guide future care or interventions.

In terms of application, case studies often become the subject of academic papers, journal articles, or business presentations. They can span various fields, from business and sociology to medicine and psychology. Case histories, meanwhile, are typically kept as records within institutions, aiding continuity in care or serving as references in diagnosing and treating conditions.

Although both terms involve a thorough look into particular subjects, the difference lies in their intent. While a case study seeks to provide broader insights or contribute to knowledge in a field, a case history is primarily a comprehensive record for future reference.