Chilopoda vs. Diplopoda — What's the Difference?

Chilopoda, commonly known as centipedes, are characterized by their elongated, flattened bodies and numerous segments, each bearing one pair of legs. Diplopoda, or millipedes, in contrast, have cylindrical bodies with two pairs of legs per segment, giving them a more rounded appearance.

Centipedes exhibit a more aggressive and solitary behavior, often found hunting alone in moist environments. They have a predatory nature, using venom to subdue their prey. Millipedes, on the other hand, are generally more communal and can often be found in groups under logs or leaves, where they feed on decaying plant material without the need for venom.

The body structure of centipedes is adapted for speed and agility, with long legs that allow rapid movement. In contrast, millipedes have shorter legs, contributing to their slower, more deliberate movement. This difference in locomotion reflects their respective lifestyles and habitats.

Centipedes possess a pair of venomous claws, known as forcipules, which they use for hunting and defense. Millipedes lack such structures and instead secrete defensive chemicals when threatened. These chemicals can deter predators but are not used for capturing food.

Chilopoda species tend to be solitary and territorial, whereas Diplopoda species often exhibit more social behavior, sometimes forming large groups. This social structure in millipedes aids in their detritivorous lifestyle, allowing them to efficiently process organic material in their environment.