Deadlock vs. Impasse — What's the Difference?
By Fiza Rafique & Urooj Arif — Updated on May 15, 2024
Deadlock refers to a situation where no progress can be made due to mutual dependencies, while impasse denotes a point in a discussion or negotiation where no agreement can be reached.
Difference Between Deadlock and Impasse
Table of Contents
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Key Differences
Deadlock occurs in computing and organizational contexts when two or more processes or parties cannot proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a resource or take action. Impasse, on the other hand, is commonly used in negotiations and discussions to describe a situation where progress cannot be made because the parties involved cannot agree on terms.
Deadlock is often associated with technical or operational scenarios, such as in computer science where processes are stuck waiting for each other, causing the system to halt. Impasse is typically used in more interpersonal or diplomatic contexts, such as labor negotiations or diplomatic talks, where the parties reach a standstill due to conflicting demands or positions.
In deadlock situations, resolving the issue often requires external intervention or redesigning the process to prevent mutual blocking. Overcoming an impasse usually involves negotiation strategies, compromises, or bringing in a mediator to help the parties find common ground.
Both terms imply a halt in progress, but deadlock emphasizes mutual blocking and operational stasis, whereas impasse focuses on a negotiation stalemate due to incompatible positions. The resolution strategies for each differ significantly due to their respective contexts.
Comparison Chart
Context
Technical, operational
Negotiation, discussion
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Cause
Mutual dependency or resource waiting
Incompatible positions or demands
Resolution
External intervention, redesign
Negotiation, mediation
Common Use
Computing, project management
Labor disputes, diplomatic talks
Progress Halt
Due to resource contention
Due to lack of agreement
Compare with Definitions
Deadlock
A situation where no progress can be made due to mutual dependencies.
The two processes entered a deadlock, each waiting for the other to release a resource.
Impasse
A point in a negotiation where no agreement can be reached.
The labor talks hit an impasse over wage increases.
Deadlock
A situation where conflict prevents any further action.
Negotiations ended in deadlock, with neither side willing to concede.
Impasse
A standstill due to conflicting demands.
The impasse in the trade negotiations threatened the economic partnership.
Deadlock
A computing condition where two or more processes are unable to proceed.
Deadlock in the system halted all operations until it was resolved.
Impasse
A deadlock in discussions or negotiations.
After hours of debate, the committee faced an impasse on the budget issue.
Deadlock
A standstill caused by opposing parties blocking each other's progress.
The project reached a deadlock when both teams refused to compromise.
Impasse
A situation where progress is halted due to disagreement.
The meeting ended at an impasse, with both sides unwilling to budge.
Deadlock
In concurrent computing, a deadlock is a state in which each member of a group waits for another member, including itself, to take action, such as sending a message or more commonly releasing a lock. Deadlocks are a common problem in multiprocessing systems, parallel computing, and distributed systems, where software and hardware locks are used to arbitrate shared resources and implement process synchronization.In an operating system, a deadlock occurs when a process or thread enters a waiting state because a requested system resource is held by another waiting process, which in turn is waiting for another resource held by another waiting process.
Impasse
A situation where no solution or agreement seems possible.
The impasse between the two countries required a third-party mediator.
Deadlock
A standstill resulting from the opposition of two unrelenting forces or factions.
Impasse
A bargaining impasse occurs when the two sides negotiating an agreement are unable to reach an agreement and become deadlocked. An impasse is almost invariably mutually harmful, either as a result of direct action which may be taken such as a strike in employment negotiation or sanctions/military action in international relations, or simply due to the resulting delay in negotiating a mutually beneficial agreement.
Deadlock
(Sports) A tied score.
Impasse
A road or passage having no exit; a cul-de-sac.
Deadlock
(Computers) A failure or inability to proceed due to two programs or devices both requiring a response from the other before completing an operation.
Impasse
A situation that is so difficult that no progress can be made; a deadlock or a stalemate
Reached an impasse in the negotiations.
Deadlock
Chiefly British A deadbolt.
Impasse
A road with no exit; a cul-de-sac.
Deadlock
To bring or come to a deadlock.
Impasse
(figurative) A deadlock or stalemate situation in which no progress can be made.
Deadlock
A standstill resulting from the opposition of two evenly matched forces; a stalemate or impasse.
The negotiation ended in deadlock, with neither party willing to compromise on the price.
Impasse
An impassable road or way; a blind alley; cul-de-sac; fig., a position or predicament affording no escape.
The issue from the present impasse will, in all probability, proceed from below, not from above.
Deadlock
(computing) An inability to continue due to two programs or devices each requiring a response from the other before completing an operation.
Impasse
A situation in which no progress can be made or no advancement is possible;
Reached an impasse on the negotiations
Deadlock
(intransitive) To cause or come to a deadlock.
Impasse
A street with only one way in or out
Deadlock
A lock which is not self-latching, but requires a key to throw the bolt forward.
Deadlock
A counteraction of things, which produces an entire stoppage; a complete obstruction of action.
Things are at a deadlock.
The Board is much more likely to be at a deadlock of two to two.
Deadlock
A situation in which no progress can be made or no advancement is possible;
Reached an impasse on the negotiations
Deadlock
An operational stalemate caused by resource contention.
The deadlock in the supply chain caused significant delays.
Common Curiosities
How is deadlock resolved?
Deadlock is often resolved through external intervention, process redesign, or breaking the mutual dependencies.
What is a deadlock?
A deadlock is a situation where progress is halted because two or more processes or parties are waiting for each other to act.
Is impasse only used in negotiations?
Primarily, yes, impasse is most commonly used in the context of negotiations or discussions.
Can deadlock occur outside computing?
Yes, deadlock can occur in any scenario where mutual dependencies prevent progress, such as project management.
What is an impasse?
An impasse is a point in a negotiation or discussion where no agreement can be reached due to conflicting positions.
How is impasse resolved?
Impasse is typically resolved through negotiation strategies, compromise, or mediation.
Which term is used in computing?
Deadlock is the term used in computing to describe processes stuck waiting for each other.
Which term is used in labor disputes?
Impasse is commonly used in labor disputes to describe a negotiation stalemate.
Can impasse be avoided?
Impasse can sometimes be avoided with effective negotiation and communication strategies.
Is deadlock a technical term?
Yes, deadlock is often used as a technical term in computing and engineering.
Does deadlock imply mutual blocking?
Yes, deadlock specifically involves mutual blocking where each party is waiting for the other.
Does impasse imply no progress at all?
Yes, an impasse implies that no progress can be made due to the lack of agreement.
Can deadlock be prevented?
Yes, deadlock can often be prevented through careful planning and resource management.
Is impasse a legal term?
Impasse can be used in legal contexts, particularly in labor law and dispute resolution.
Do both terms imply a standstill?
Yes, both deadlock and impasse imply a halt in progress, though in different contexts.
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Written by
Fiza RafiqueFiza Rafique is a skilled content writer at AskDifference.com, where she meticulously refines and enhances written pieces. Drawing from her vast editorial expertise, Fiza ensures clarity, accuracy, and precision in every article. Passionate about language, she continually seeks to elevate the quality of content for readers worldwide.
Co-written by
Urooj ArifUrooj is a skilled content writer at Ask Difference, known for her exceptional ability to simplify complex topics into engaging and informative content. With a passion for research and a flair for clear, concise writing, she consistently delivers articles that resonate with our diverse audience.