Hexane vs. Hexine — What's the Difference?

Hexane consists of six carbon atoms connected by single bonds only, forming a fully saturated molecule. This makes it relatively non-reactive, which is why it is widely used as a non-polar solvent in industrial applications, such as the extraction of oils and fats from seeds. On the other hand, hexene (often called hexine) includes molecules that contain at least one double bond between carbon atoms, introducing unsaturation and making them more reactive and useful in chemical synthesis and the production of polymers.

Due to its saturated structure, hexane is less likely to undergo addition reactions, making it stable under normal conditions. Conversely, the presence of double bonds in hexene allows for addition reactions, which are critical in manufacturing plastics and other polymers.

Hexane is generally found as a colorless liquid with a slightly disagreeable odor, typical of alkanes, and is often used in laboratory settings as a solvent. Hexene, with its double bonds, is also a colorless liquid but has a distinctively sharper smell and is primarily utilized in the industrial synthesis of various products.

The production of hexane involves the refining of crude oil, where it is separated during the distillation process. Hexene, however, can be produced through various methods, including the catalytic cracking of alkanes and the dehydration of alcohols.

In terms of safety, both hexane and hexene pose health risks such as respiratory and skin irritation; however, hexane is particularly noted for its neurotoxic effects with prolonged exposure, which is a significant concern in industrial environments where ventilation may be poor.