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Jupiter vs. Earth — What's the Difference?

By Fiza Rafique & Maham Liaqat — Updated on March 20, 2024
Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system, known for its massive size and gas composition, while Earth is the third planet, characterized by its solid surface and ability to support life.
Jupiter vs. Earth — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Jupiter and Earth

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Key Differences

Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in our solar system, characterized by its massive size, which is about 11 times the diameter of Earth. This size difference means Jupiter has a much stronger gravitational pull. Whereas Earth is the third planet from the Sun, notable for its unique atmosphere that can support life, a feature that Jupiter, a gas giant, lacks.
Jupiter has a very thick atmosphere composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, without a solid surface, making it fundamentally different from Earth in terms of terrain. On the other hand, Earth has a diverse landscape with continents, oceans, and a breathable atmosphere, making it hospitable to a wide range of life forms.
Jupiter's year is about 12 Earth years long, due to its longer orbit around the Sun. This vast distance from the Sun also contributes to its colder atmospheric temperatures compared to Earth. Meanwhile, Earth takes about 365 days to complete one orbit around the Sun, providing a stable climate that allows for the seasons and supports the biosphere.
One of the most striking features of Jupiter is the Great Red Spot, a gigantic storm larger than Earth itself, showcasing the planet's dynamic and violent weather patterns. Earth's weather, while also capable of powerful storms, is significantly less extreme and more conducive to sustaining life.
Despite their differences, Jupiter and Earth share some commonalities, such as both having magnetic fields. However, Jupiter's magnetic field is much stronger than Earth's, reflecting the differences in their compositions and internal structures.
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Comparison Chart

Position in Solar System

5th planet from the Sun.
3rd planet from the Sun.

Size

Diameter about 11 times that of Earth.
Diameter of 12,742 km.

Composition

Gas giant with mainly hydrogen and helium.
Rocky planet with a solid surface.

Atmosphere

Thick, with violent storms.
Thin, supports life with breathable air.

Orbital Period

About 12 Earth years.
About 365 days.

Notable Features

Great Red Spot, a giant storm.
Diverse landscapes and liquid water.

Ability to Support Life

Not suitable for life as we know it.
Supports a wide range of life forms.

Magnetic Field

Much stronger than Earth's.
Protects the planet from solar radiation.

Compare with Definitions

Jupiter

The largest planet in the solar system, known for its gas composition.
Jupiter's mass is over 300 times that of Earth.

Earth

The third planet from the Sun, uniquely capable of supporting life.
Earth is the only known planet to have liquid water on its surface.

Jupiter

Dominated by hydrogen and helium with massive storms.
The Great Red Spot on Jupiter is a storm larger than Earth.

Earth

Protects the planet from solar winds and radiation.
Earth's magnetic field is crucial for maintaining its atmosphere.

Jupiter

Lacks a solid surface, with a dense atmosphere.
Jupiter's atmosphere transitions into liquid under high pressure.

Earth

Contains oxygen and nitrogen, with a climate that supports life.
Earth's atmosphere protects and sustains life.

Jupiter

Has a very strong magnetic field.
Jupiter's magnetic field is the largest planetary magnetic field in the solar system.

Earth

Has a solid surface with water, continents, and oceans.
Earth's surface is 70% covered by water.

Jupiter

Takes about 12 Earth years to orbit the Sun.
A year on Jupiter is much longer than a year on Earth.

Earth

Completes one orbit around the Sun in 365 days.
The Earth's orbit defines the length of a year.

Jupiter

Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with a mass more than two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined, but slightly less than one-thousandth the mass of the Sun.

Earth

Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor and support life. About 29.2% of Earth's surface is land consisting of continents and islands.

Jupiter

Roman Mythology The supreme god, patron of the Roman state and brother and husband of Juno. He came to be identified with the Greek Zeus.Also called Jove.

Earth

The planet on which we live; the world
The diversity of life on earth

Jupiter

(Astronomy)The fifth planet from the sun, the largest and most massive in the solar system, having a sidereal period of revolution about the sun of 11.86 years at a mean distance of 778.6 million kilometers (483.8 million miles), a mean diameter of approximately 143,000 kilometers (89,000 miles), and a mass approximately 320 times that of Earth.

Earth

The substance of the land surface; soil
A layer of earth

Jupiter

A class of planets that are similar in mass to Jupiter.

Earth

Electrical connection to the ground, regarded as having zero electrical potential.
Ensure metal fittings are electrically bonded to earth

Jupiter

The supreme deity, king of gods and men, and reputed to be the son of Saturn and Rhea; Jove. He corresponds to the Greek Zeus.

Earth

The underground lair of a badger or fox.

Jupiter

One of the planets, being the fifth from the sun, the brightest except Venus, and the largest of them all, its mean radius being about 43,345 miles (69,758 kilometers), almost exactly one-tenth that of the sun. It revolves about the sun in 4,332.6 days, at a mean distance of 5.2025 from the sun (778,140,000 km), the earth's mean distance (the astronomical unit) being taken as unity. It has a mass of 1.901 x 1027 kg, about one-thousandth that of the sun, and more than the remainder of the planets combined. It has an average solar day equal to 9.842 earth hours. The rapid revolution causes a noticeable flattening at the poles; the diameter at the equator is 71,370 km, and at the poles 66,644 km.

Earth

Connect (an electrical device) with the ground
The front metal panels must be soundly earthed

Jupiter

The largest planet and the 5th from the sun; has many satellites

Earth

Drive (a fox) to its underground lair.

Jupiter

(Roman mythology) supreme god of Romans; counterpart of Greek Zeus

Earth

Cover the root and lower stem of a plant with heaped-up earth
The stems can be earthed up when the plant is about one foot high

Earth

The land surface of the world.

Earth

The softer, friable part of land; soil, especially productive soil.

Earth

OftenEarthThe third planet from the sun, having a sidereal period of revolution about the sun of 365.26 days at a mean distance of approximately 149.6 million kilometers (92.96 million miles), a sidereal rotation period of 23 hours 56.07 minutes, an average radius of 6,378.1 kilometers (3,963 miles), and a mass of approximately 5.9736 × 1024 kilograms (1.3169 × 1025 pounds).

Earth

The realm of mortal existence; the temporal world.

Earth

The human inhabitants of the world:The earth received the news with joy.

Earth

Worldly affairs and pursuits.

Earth

Everyday life; reality:was brought back to earth from his daydreams of wealth and fame.

Earth

The substance of the human body; clay.

Earth

The lair of a burrowing animal.

Earth

Chiefly British The ground of an electrical circuit.

Earth

(Chemistry)Any of several metallic oxides, such as alumina or zirconia, that are difficult to reduce and were formerly regarded as elements.

Earth

To cover or heap (plants) with soil for protection.

Earth

To chase (an animal) into an underground hiding place.

Earth

To burrow or hide in the ground. Used of a hunted animal.

Earth

Senseid|en|Q2}} {{alternative case form of Earth; Our planet, third out from the Sun.
The astronauts saw the earth from the porthole.

Earth

(uncountable) Soil.
This is good earth for growing potatoes.

Earth

(uncountable) Any general rock-based material.
She sighed when the plane's wheels finally touched earth.

Earth

The ground, land (as opposed to the sky or sea).
Birds are of the sky, not of the earth.

Earth

(British) A connection electrically to the earth (US ground); on equipment: a terminal connected in that manner.

Earth

The lair or den (as a hole in the ground) of an animal such as a fox.

Earth

A region of the planet; a land or country.

Earth

Worldly things, as against spiritual ones.

Earth

The world of our current life (as opposed to heaven or an afterlife).

Earth

(metonymically) The people on the globe.

Earth

Any planet similar to the Earth (our earth): an exoplanet viewed as another earth, or a potential one.
New space telescopes may accelerate the search for other earths that may be out there.

Earth

(archaic) The human body.

Earth

The aforementioned soil- or rock-based material, considered one of the four or five classical elements.

Earth

Any of certain substances now known to be oxides of metal, which were distinguished by being infusible, and by insolubility in water.

Earth

To connect electrically to the earth.
That noise is because the amplifier is not properly earthed.

Earth

(transitive) To bury.

Earth

(transitive) To hide, or cause to hide, in the earth; to chase into a burrow or den.

Earth

(intransitive) To burrow.

Earth

The globe or planet which we inhabit; the world, in distinction from the sun, moon, or stars. Also, this world as the dwelling place of mortals, in distinction from the dwelling place of spirits.
That law preserves the earth a sphereAnd guides the planets in their course.
In heaven, or earth, or under earth, in hell.

Earth

The solid materials which make up the globe, in distinction from the air or water; the dry land.
God called the dry land earth.
He is pure air and fire, and the dull elements of earth and water never appear in him.

Earth

The softer inorganic matter composing part of the surface of the globe, in distinction from the firm rock; soil of all kinds, including gravel, clay, loam, and the like; sometimes, soil favorable to the growth of plants; the visible surface of the globe; the ground; as, loose earth; rich earth.
Give him a little earth for charity.

Earth

A part of this globe; a region; a country; land.
Would I had never trod this English earth.

Earth

Worldly things, as opposed to spiritual things; the pursuits, interests, and allurements of this life.
Our weary souls by earth beguiled.

Earth

The people on the globe.
The whole earth was of one language.

Earth

Any earthy-looking metallic oxide, as alumina, glucina, zirconia, yttria, and thoria.

Earth

A hole in the ground, where an animal hides himself; as, the earth of a fox.
They [ferrets] course the poor conies out of their earths.

Earth

The connection of any part an electric conductor with the ground; specif., the connection of a telegraph line with the ground through a fault or otherwise.

Earth

A plowing.
Such land as ye break up for barley to sow,Two earths at the least, ere ye sow it, bestow.

Earth

To hide, or cause to hide, in the earth; to chase into a burrow or den.

Earth

To cover with earth or mold; to inter; to bury; - sometimes with up.
The miser earths his treasure, and the thief,Watching the mole, half beggars him ere noon.
Why this in earthing up a carcass?

Earth

To burrow.

Earth

The 3rd planet from the sun; the planet on which we live;
The Earth moves around the sun
He sailed around the world

Earth

The loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface;
They dug into the earth outside the church

Earth

The solid part of the earth's surface;
The plane turned away from the sea and moved back over land
The earth shook for several minutes
He dropped the logs on the ground

Earth

The abode of mortals (as contrasted with heaven or hell);
It was hell on earth

Earth

Once thought to be one of four elements composing the universe (Empedocles)

Earth

The concerns of the world as distinguished from heaven and the afterlife;
They consider the church to be independent of the world

Earth

A connection between an electrical device and the earth (which is a zero voltage)

Earth

Hide in the earth like a hunted animal

Earth

Connect to the earth;
Earth the circuit

Common Curiosities

Can you see Jupiter's Great Red Spot from Earth?

Yes, the Great Red Spot can be observed from Earth with a telescope.

Why can't Jupiter support life like Earth?

Jupiter's extreme pressures, temperatures, and lack of a solid surface make it inhospitable to life as we know it.

What makes Earth unique in the solar system?

Earth is unique due to its liquid water, breathable atmosphere, and ability to support a diverse range of life forms.

How does Earth's magnetic field compare to Jupiter's?

Jupiter's magnetic field is much stronger than Earth's, reflecting their differences in composition and internal structure.

Why does Jupiter have such a long year compared to Earth?

Jupiter's longer year is due to its much larger orbit around the Sun.

How many moons does Jupiter have compared to Earth?

Jupiter has 79 known moons, while Earth has only one.

What is the significance of Jupiter's strong magnetic field?

Jupiter's magnetic field plays a crucial role in shaping its magnetosphere and protecting it from solar radiation.

What role does Earth's atmosphere play in supporting life?

Earth's atmosphere provides oxygen for breathing, protects from solar radiation, and maintains a climate suitable for life.

Why is there no liquid water on Jupiter?

The high pressures and temperatures prevent the stable existence of liquid water on Jupiter.

How does the size of Jupiter affect its gravity?

Jupiter's massive size results in a stronger gravitational pull compared to Earth.

How do seasons on Earth compare to those on Jupiter?

Earth has distinct seasons due to its axial tilt, while Jupiter's seasons are less pronounced due to its small tilt.

Why does Jupiter have such extreme weather?

Jupiter's extreme weather, including its massive storms, is due to its rapid rotation and dynamic atmosphere.

Why is Earth's ability to support life rare in the solar system?

Earth's unique combination of a solid surface, liquid water, protective atmosphere, and suitable temperature range is rare in the solar system.

What are the visible features of Jupiter from Earth?

Visible features include its bands of clouds and sometimes the Great Red Spot with a telescope.

Can humans visit Jupiter?

Due to its extreme conditions, humans cannot land on or visit Jupiter.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Fiza Rafique
Fiza Rafique is a skilled content writer at AskDifference.com, where she meticulously refines and enhances written pieces. Drawing from her vast editorial expertise, Fiza ensures clarity, accuracy, and precision in every article. Passionate about language, she continually seeks to elevate the quality of content for readers worldwide.
Co-written by
Maham Liaqat

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