Linoleum vs. Oilcloth — What's the Difference?

Linoleum is a flooring material known for its durability and sustainability, made from natural ingredients like linseed oil, cork dust, and wood flour. This composition makes it an eco-friendly choice for homes and businesses seeking green alternatives. On the other hand, oilcloth refers to a fabric treated with oil or a synthetic compound to create a waterproof surface, commonly used for tablecloths, shelf liners, and various crafts. While both materials are used for covering surfaces, their composition and applications differ significantly.

Historically, linoleum was invented in the 19th century and gained popularity for its resilience and ease of cleaning, making it a common choice for kitchen and bathroom floors. Oilcloth, meanwhile, has roots going back further, initially made by coating canvas with linseed oil to create a waterproof material for sails and tarps, evolving into the brightly colored, vinyl-coated fabric seen today. While linoleum serves primarily as a flooring option, oilcloth is versatile in its usage, extending beyond flooring to decorative and functional items in households.

The manufacturing process of linoleum involves pressing a mixture of materials onto a jute backing, followed by a curing process that can take several weeks, enhancing its durability and creating its unique pattern through the material itself. Conversely, oilcloth is produced by applying a PVC coating to a cotton or linen base, making it instantly waterproof and ready for immediate use. This difference in production reflects in the texture and feel of each material, with linoleum being firmer and oilcloth softer and more flexible.

In terms of environmental impact, linoleum stands out as a more sustainable and biodegradable option, as it is made from renewable resources and does not emit harmful VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds). Oilcloth, while practical for its water resistance and easy cleaning, is less environmentally friendly due to its plastic content and the process involved in its manufacture. However, its durability and ease of maintenance make it a popular choice for areas where moisture is a concern.

When considering cost and installation, linoleum can be more expensive initially and requires professional installation to ensure longevity and performance. Oilcloth, in contrast, is more affordable and can be easily cut and shaped by consumers for various DIY projects, making it a budget-friendly and convenient option for quick updates around the home or for craft activities.