Orthodontia vs. Orthodontics — What's the Difference?

Orthodontia specifically refers to the practice and techniques used in the correction of misaligned teeth and jaws. This includes the use of braces, retainers, and other devices designed to align teeth and improve bite function. It focuses on the mechanical aspects of moving teeth and aligning jaws to achieve a harmonious balance between facial features and dental function. Orthodontics, on the other hand, encompasses orthodontia but also includes the study of the development of the teeth and jaws, the diagnosis of abnormalities, the planning of treatments, and the prevention of future dental issues. Orthodontics is the official term for this dental specialty recognized by dental associations and encompasses both the corrective techniques and the theoretical knowledge behind them.

Orthodontia is often considered a subset of orthodontics, with its primary focus on the application of corrective tools and procedures. Whereas orthodontics also involves the comprehensive assessment of facial growth and development, the etiology of malocclusions, and the preventive measures to avoid the development of such dental issues. For instance, orthodontics might involve interceptive measures in children to guide the proper growth of the jaw and the positioning of teeth, beyond just applying braces or other corrective devices.

Both orthodontia and orthodontics aim to improve oral health, function, and aesthetics. However, orthodontics provides a broader scope by including preventive and diagnostic responsibilities. An orthodontist, after completing dental school, undergoes additional specialized training in orthodontics to become proficient in both the theory and practice of this specialty, covering all aspects from orthodontia to comprehensive treatment planning and preventive advice.

The terms are often used interchangeably in casual conversation, but there is a distinction in professional contexts. While orthodontia focuses on the correction phase, orthodontics covers a wider spectrum, emphasizing the importance of understanding the underlying causes of dental irregularities, planning effective treatments, and preventing future issues through early intervention.

While orthodontia pertains specifically to the corrective techniques and devices used in treating dental and jaw irregularities, orthodontics is the broader discipline that includes the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of these conditions. Both are integral to achieving and maintaining optimal oral health and aesthetics but differ in scope and focus.