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Respiration vs. Combustion — What's the Difference?

By Fiza Rafique & Urooj Arif — Updated on May 10, 2024
Respiration is a biochemical process in cells for energy release using oxygen, whereas combustion is a chemical reaction where substances burn in oxygen to release energy, light, and heat.
Respiration vs. Combustion — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Respiration and Combustion

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Key Differences

Respiration occurs within the cells of living organisms, where oxygen is used to break down organic molecules like glucose to produce energy, carbon dioxide, and water. Whereas combustion is an exothermic reaction typically occurring outside biological systems, involving the rapid oxidation of substances, resulting in the production of heat, light, and various reaction products like carbon dioxide and water.
Respiration is a controlled process that releases energy gradually and is harnessed to perform cellular functions. On the other hand, combustion releases energy almost instantaneously and uncontrollably, often used for mechanical work or generating heat.
The energy from respiration is stored in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is used by cells for various metabolic activities. Whereas the energy from combustion is usually released as heat and light, which can be harnessed in engines or heaters.
Respiration is essential for life, supporting cellular activities and physiological processes in organisms. In contrast, combustion is a fundamental chemical process used primarily for energy generation in industrial and technological applications.
The byproducts of respiration, primarily carbon dioxide and water, are reused in ecosystems via photosynthesis. On the other hand, combustion can produce various pollutants, such as carbon monoxide and soot, which are environmental concerns.
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Comparison Chart

Occurrence

Within living cells
External process in the environment

Purpose

Energy production for biological functions
Energy release, usually as heat/light

Byproducts

CO2, H2O
CO2, H2O, CO, soot, others

Energy Utilization

Stored as ATP for later use
Immediate use as heat or light

Control

Controlled biochemical process
Rapid and uncontrolled reaction

Compare with Definitions

Respiration

The process by which cells obtain energy from glucose.
Humans rely on cellular respiration to convert food into usable energy.

Combustion

Reaction where a fuel burns completely using ample oxygen, producing CO2 and water.
A candle burns through complete combustion when well ventilated.

Respiration

Respiration using oxygen to break down glucose.
Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria and produces 36 ATPs per glucose molecule.

Combustion

A reaction that releases heat.
Combustion of wood in a fireplace is an exothermic reaction.

Respiration

Energy production in the absence of oxygen.
Yeast performs anaerobic respiration to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Combustion

The visible part of a combustion reaction.
The flame of a gas stove indicates ongoing combustion.

Respiration

Part of respiration where ATP is formed.
Oxidative phosphorylation is the final stage of aerobic respiration.

Combustion

Reaction where oxygen is limited, producing carbon monoxide and soot.
Incomplete combustion in engines can lead to harmful emissions.

Respiration

The initial step of glucose breakdown in respiration.
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and yields two ATP molecules.

Combustion

The minimum temperature required to initiate combustion.
Paper reaches its ignition temperature quickly, making it easy to burn.

Respiration

The action or process of inhaling and exhaling; breathing. Also called ventilation.

Combustion

Combustion, or burning, is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke. Combustion does not always result in fire, because a flame is only visible when substances undergoing combustion vapourise, but when it does, a flame is a characteristic indicator of the reaction.

Respiration

An act of inhaling and exhaling; a breath.

Combustion

The process of burning.

Respiration

The action or process by which an organism without lungs, such as a fish or plant, exchanges gases with its environment.

Combustion

A heat-producing chemical reaction in which a fuel combines with oxygen or with some other substance that behaves chemically like oxygen.

Respiration

The oxidative process occurring within living cells by which the chemical energy of organic molecules is converted in a series of metabolic steps into usable energy in the form of ATP, involving the consumption of oxygen and the production of carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.

Combustion

Violent anger or agitation
Combustion within the populace slowly built up to the point of revolution.

Respiration

Any of various analogous metabolic processes by which certain organisms, such as anaerobic bacteria and some fungi, obtain energy from organic molecules without consuming oxygen.

Combustion

(chemistry) The act or process of burning.

Respiration

The process of inhaling and exhaling; breathing, breath.

Combustion

A process whereby two chemicals are combined to produce heat.

Respiration

An act of breathing; a breath.

Combustion

A process wherein a fuel is combined with oxygen, usually at high temperature, releasing heat.

Respiration

Any similar process in an organism that lacks lungs that exchanges gases with its environment.

Combustion

(figuratively) Violent agitation, tumult.

Respiration

The process by which cells obtain chemical energy by the consumption of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide.

Combustion

The state of burning.

Respiration

The act of respiring or breathing again, or catching one's breath.

Combustion

The combination of a combustible with a supporter of combustion, producing heat, and sometimes both light and heat.
Combustion results in common cases from the mutual chemical action and reaction of the combustible and the oxygen of the atmosphere, whereby a new compound is formed.

Respiration

Relief from toil or suffering: rest.
Till the dayAppear of respiration to the justAnd vengeance to the wicked.

Combustion

Violent agitation; confusion; tumult.
There [were] great combustions and divisions among the heads of the university.
But say from whence this new combustion springs.

Respiration

Interval; intermission.

Combustion

A process in which a substance reacts with oxygen to give heat and light

Respiration

The act of resping or breathing; the act of taking in and giving out air; the aggregate of those processes bu which oxygen is introduced into the system, and carbon dioxide, or carbonic acid, removed.

Combustion

A state of violent disturbance and excitement;
Combustion grew until revolt was unavoidable

Respiration

A single complete act of breathing in and out;
Thirty respirations per minute

Combustion

The act of burning something;
The burning of leaves was prohibited by a town ordinance

Respiration

The bodily process of inhalation and exhalation; the process of taking in oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide by exhalation

Common Curiosities

How do anaerobic and aerobic respiration differ?

Anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen and produces less energy compared to aerobic respiration, which uses oxygen.

What is the main site of respiration in cells?

The mitochondria is the main site of respiration in eukaryotic cells.

What is the primary energy molecule produced by respiration?

ATP is the primary energy molecule produced during respiration.

Why is combustion considered a hazard?

Combustion can be hazardous due to its potential to release harmful pollutants and its uncontrolled nature.

Is respiration only characteristic of animals?

No, respiration is a fundamental process in almost all living organisms, including plants and microbes.

Can combustion occur without oxygen?

Combustion requires oxygen to initiate and sustain the reaction.

What are common fuels for combustion?

Common fuels include natural gas, coal, wood, and gasoline.

How does the environment benefit from respiration?

Respiration's byproducts, like CO2, are utilized in photosynthesis, helping balance atmospheric gases.

What are the environmental impacts of combustion?

Combustion can lead to air pollution, global warming, and environmental degradation.

How does ATP release energy?

ATP releases energy when its phosphate bonds are broken.

How does incomplete combustion affect health?

Incomplete combustion can produce carbon monoxide, a toxic gas, posing serious health risks.

How does the temperature of surroundings affect respiration?

Higher temperatures can increase the rate of respiration up to a point beyond which it can inhibit or damage cellular structures.

What factors affect the rate of combustion?

Factors such as temperature, oxygen availability, and fuel type affect the rate of combustion.

Can combustion be used for propulsion?

Yes, combustion is commonly used for propulsion in internal combustion engines and rockets.

What is the efficiency of respiration in energy terms?

Cellular respiration is highly efficient, converting about 34% of the energy in glucose into ATP.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Fiza Rafique
Fiza Rafique is a skilled content writer at AskDifference.com, where she meticulously refines and enhances written pieces. Drawing from her vast editorial expertise, Fiza ensures clarity, accuracy, and precision in every article. Passionate about language, she continually seeks to elevate the quality of content for readers worldwide.
Co-written by
Urooj Arif
Urooj is a skilled content writer at Ask Difference, known for her exceptional ability to simplify complex topics into engaging and informative content. With a passion for research and a flair for clear, concise writing, she consistently delivers articles that resonate with our diverse audience.

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