Sirocco vs. Simoom — What's the Difference?

Sirocco, also known as scirocco in Italian, is a hot, dry wind that originates in the Sahara Desert and blows across the Mediterranean Sea, reaching Southern Europe. This wind can bring high temperatures and low humidity, often causing discomfort and health issues for people in its path. Simoom, on the other hand, is a more intense and oppressive wind found primarily in the deserts of the Middle East and North Africa. The simoom is characterized by its extreme heat, dryness, and the ability to carry large amounts of dust and sand, creating harsh and hazardous conditions.

While sirocco typically affects coastal regions of Southern Europe, simoom is more common in desert areas, impacting regions such as the Arabian Peninsula and parts of North Africa. The sirocco can bring moisture from the Mediterranean, occasionally causing rainfall, whereas simoom is entirely dry and dust-laden.

Sirocco winds usually occur in the spring and autumn, bringing a significant rise in temperature and a drop in air quality. Simoom can happen at any time but is most frequent in the hottest months, contributing to the already extreme desert conditions.

The term sirocco has become part of local vernacular in Southern Europe due to its recurring presence and impact on daily life. Simoom, however, is less commonly known outside the regions it affects but is dreaded for its severe and sometimes dangerous nature.

Both winds are feared for their intense heat, but the sirocco's relatively milder nature and potential to bring some moisture contrast with the simoom's unrelenting dryness and sandstorms.