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Speed vs. Acceleration — What's the Difference?

By Tayyaba Rehman — Updated on October 31, 2023
Speed is the rate of motion; Acceleration is the rate of change of speed.
Speed vs. Acceleration — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Speed and Acceleration

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Key Differences

Speed measures how fast an object moves, quantifying the distance covered per unit of time. Acceleration, on the other hand, determines how the speed of an object changes over a given period.
Speed is a scalar quantity, meaning it has only magnitude without a specific direction. Acceleration, conversely, is a vector quantity, possessing both magnitude and a specific direction, indicating how and where the speed changes.
For a vehicle traveling on a straight road, its speed might indicate how swiftly it's moving, like 60 miles per hour. Acceleration would reveal if the vehicle is speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining its pace over time.
In everyday language, when people refer to how "fast" something is, they often allude to its speed. However, when discussing how quickly something "speeds up" or "brakes," they're referencing its acceleration.
A constant speed suggests an object continues moving at the same rate without acceleration. In contrast, a change in speed, either an increase or decrease, signifies the presence of acceleration.
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Comparison Chart

Definition

Rate of motion.
Rate of change of speed.

Type of Quantity

Scalar (magnitude only).
Vector (magnitude and direction).

Measurement Units

Miles per hour, meters per second, etc.
Meters per second squared, miles per hour per sec.

Indicates

How fast an object moves.
How speed changes over time.

Change in Value

Doesn't imply acceleration.
Implies change in speed.

Compare with Definitions

Speed

Speed is the distance traveled per time unit.
The car's speed was 55 miles per hour.

Acceleration

Acceleration indicates a change in speed.
The car's acceleration was noticeable as it zoomed past.

Speed

Speed represents how fast something moves.
The bird's speed allowed it to catch its prey easily.

Acceleration

Acceleration measures how quickly speed changes.
The roller coaster's acceleration gave riders a thrilling experience.

Speed

Speed can remain constant or vary.
Despite the hurdles, the runner maintained a consistent speed.

Acceleration

Acceleration can result from a change in speed or direction.
The ball's sudden acceleration to the left dodged the goalkeeper.

Speed

In everyday use and in kinematics, the speed (commonly referred to as v) of an object is the magnitude of the rate of change of its position with time or the magnitude of the change of its position per unit of time; it is thus a scalar quantity. The average speed of an object in an interval of time is the distance travelled by the object divided by the duration of the interval; the instantaneous speed is the limit of the average speed as the duration of the time interval approaches zero.

Acceleration

Acceleration has both magnitude and direction.
The plane's upward acceleration caused a momentary weightless feeling.

Speed

The rate at which someone or something moves or operates or is able to move or operate
We turned on to the runway and began to gather speed
The car has a top speed of 147 mph
An engine running at full speed

Acceleration

In mechanics, acceleration is the rate of change of the velocity of an object with respect to time. Accelerations are vector quantities (in that they have magnitude and direction).

Speed

Each of the possible gear ratios of a bicycle.

Acceleration

The act of accelerating.

Speed

The light-gathering power or f-number of a camera lens.

Acceleration

The process of being accelerated.

Speed

An amphetamine drug, especially methamphetamine.

Acceleration

Abbr. a(Physics) The rate of change of velocity with respect to time.

Speed

Success; prosperity
Wish me good speed

Acceleration

(uncountable) The act of accelerating, or the state of being accelerated; increase of motion or action; as opposed to retardation or deceleration.
A falling body moves toward the earth with an acceleration of velocity

Speed

Move quickly
I got into the car and home we sped

Acceleration

(countable) The amount by which a speed or velocity increases (and so a scalar quantity or a vector quantity).
The boosters produce an acceleration of 20 metres per second per second.

Speed

Make prosperous or successful
May God speed you

Acceleration

(physics) The change of velocity with respect to time (can include deceleration or changing direction).

Speed

Take or be under the influence of an amphetamine drug
More kids than ever are speeding, tripping, and getting stoned

Acceleration

The advancement of students at a rate that places them ahead of where they would be in the regular school curriculum.

Speed

Distance traveled divided by the time of travel.

Acceleration

The act of accelerating, or the state of being accelerated; increase of motion or action; as, a falling body moves toward the earth with an acceleration of velocity; - opposed to retardation.
A period of social improvement, or of intellectual advancement, contains within itself a principle of acceleration.

Speed

The limit of this quotient as the time of travel becomes vanishingly small; the first derivative of distance with respect to time.

Acceleration

An increase in speed;
Modern science caused an acceleration of cultural change

Speed

The magnitude of a velocity.

Acceleration

The act of accelerating; increasing the speed

Speed

Swiftness of action
He wrote the first chapter with great speed.

Acceleration

(physics) a rate of change of velocity

Speed

The act of moving rapidly
Finished the race in a burst of speed.

Acceleration

Acceleration can be positive or negative.
The vehicle's rapid deceleration prevented an accident.

Speed

The state of being in rapid motion; rapidity
The river's speed made a rescue difficult.

Speed

A transmission gear or set of gears in a motor vehicle
What speed is the car in now?.

Speed

A numerical expression of the sensitivity of a photographic film, plate, or paper to light.

Speed

The capacity of a lens to accumulate light at an appropriate aperture.

Speed

The length of time required or permitted for a camera shutter to open and admit light.

Speed

(Slang) A stimulant drug, especially amphetamine or methamphetamine.

Speed

(Slang) One that suits or appeals to a person's inclinations, skills, or character
Living in a large city is not my speed.

Speed

(Archaic) Prosperity; luck.

Speed

To go, move, or proceed quickly
Sped to the rescue.

Speed

To drive at a speed exceeding a legal limit
Was speeding on the freeway.

Speed

To pass quickly
The days sped by. The months have sped along.

Speed

To move, work, or happen at a faster rate; accelerate
His pulse speeded up.

Speed

(Slang) To be under the influence of a stimulant drug.

Speed

To prove successful; prosper.

Speed

To get along in a specified manner; fare.

Speed

To cause to move or proceed quickly; hasten
No wind to speed the boat.

Speed

To increase the speed or rate of; accelerate. Often used with up
Speed up a car.
Sped up production.

Speed

To further, promote, or expedite (a legal action, for example).

Speed

(Archaic) To help to succeed or prosper; aid.

Speed

The state of moving quickly or the capacity for rapid motion.
How does Usain Bolt run at that speed?

Speed

The rate of motion or action, specifically the magnitude of the velocity; the rate distance is traversed in a given time.
Speed limits provide information to the drivers about the safe speed to travel in average conditions.

Speed

(photography) The sensitivity to light of film, plates or sensor.

Speed

(photography) The duration of exposure, the time during which a camera shutter is open (shutter speed).

Speed

(photography) The largest size of the lens opening at which a lens can be used.

Speed

(photography) The ratio of the focal length to the diameter of a photographic objective.

Speed

Amphetamine or any amphetamine-based drug (especially methamphetamine) used as a stimulant, especially illegally.

Speed

(archaic) Luck, success, prosperity.

Speed

(slang) Personal preference.
We could go to the shore next week, or somewhere else if that's not your speed.

Speed

A third-order measure of derivative price sensitivity, expressed as the rate of change of gamma with respect to changes in the underlying asset price.

Speed

(film) Called by the soundman when the recording equipment has reached running speed and is ready to go.

Speed

To succeed; to prosper, be lucky.

Speed

To help someone, to give them fortune; to aid or favour.
God speed, until we meet again.

Speed

(intransitive) To go fast.
The Ferrari was speeding along the road.

Speed

(intransitive) To exceed the speed limit.
Why do you speed when the road is so icy?

Speed

(transitive) To increase the rate at which something occurs.

Speed

To be under the influence of stimulant drugs, especially amphetamines.

Speed

(obsolete) To be expedient.

Speed

(archaic) To hurry to destruction; to put an end to; to ruin.

Speed

(archaic) To wish success or good fortune to, in any undertaking, especially in setting out upon a journey.

Speed

To cause to make haste; to dispatch with celerity; to drive at full speed; hence, to hasten; to hurry.

Speed

To hasten to a conclusion; to expedite.

Speed

Prosperity in an undertaking; favorable issue; success.
O Lord God of my master Abraham, I pray thee, send me good speed this day.

Speed

The act or state of moving swiftly; swiftness; velocity; rapidly; rate of motion; dispatch; as, the speed a horse or a vessel.
Speed, to describe whose swiftness number fails.

Speed

One who, or that which, causes or promotes speed or success.

Speed

To go; to fare.
To warn him now he is too farre sped.

Speed

To experience in going; to have any condition, good or ill; to fare.
Ships heretofore in seas like fishes sped; The mightiest still upon the smallest fed.

Speed

To fare well; to have success; to prosper.
Save London, and send true lawyers their meed!For whoso wants money with them shall not speed!
I told ye then he should prevail, and speedOn his bad errand.

Speed

To make haste; to move with celerity.
I have speeded hither with the very extremest inch of possibility.

Speed

To be expedient.

Speed

To cause to be successful, or to prosper; hence, to aid; to favor.
With rising gales that speed their happy flight.

Speed

To cause to make haste; to dispatch with celerity; to drive at full speed; hence, to hasten; to hurry.
He sped him thence home to his habitation.

Speed

To hasten to a conclusion; to expedite.
Judicial acts . . . are sped in open court at the instance of one or both of the parties.

Speed

To hurry to destruction; to put an end to; to ruin; to undo.
A dire dilemma! either way I 'm sped.If foes, they write, if friends, they read, me dead.

Speed

To wish success or god fortune to, in any undertaking, especially in setting out upon a journey.
Welcome the coming, speed the parting guest.

Speed

Distance travelled per unit time

Speed

A rate (usually rapid) at which something happens;
The project advanced with gratifying speed

Speed

Changing location rapidly

Speed

The ratio of the focal length to the diameter of a (camera) lens system

Speed

A central nervous system stimulant that increases energy and decreases appetite; used to treat narcolepsy and some forms of depression

Speed

Step on it;
He rushed down the hall to receive his guests
The cars raced down the street

Speed

Move faster;
The car accelerated

Speed

Travel at an excessive or illegal velocity;
I got a ticket for speeding

Speed

Move very fast;
The runner zipped past us at breakneck speed

Speed

Cause to move faster;
He accelerated the car

Speed

Speed is independent of direction.
The speed of the wind was 20 mph, regardless of its direction.

Speed

Speed quantifies the rate of motion.
The speed of the stream varied with the rainfall.

Common Curiosities

What is Speed?

Speed is the rate at which an object covers distance.

Is Speed a vector quantity?

No, speed is a scalar quantity, having only magnitude.

How is Speed typically measured?

Speed is usually measured in units like miles per hour or meters per second.

Is Acceleration always a sign of speeding up?

No, negative acceleration or deceleration indicates slowing down.

What does negative Acceleration imply?

Negative acceleration, or deceleration, implies an object is slowing down.

Can Speed have a negative value?

No, speed is scalar and only has positive magnitude, but velocity, which considers direction, can be negative.

Can an object have constant speed but still accelerate?

Yes, if the direction changes, like a car moving in a circle at a constant speed.

What happens to Acceleration if Speed remains constant?

If speed remains constant and direction doesn't change, acceleration is zero.

What is Acceleration?

Acceleration is the rate of change of speed of an object over time.

Do all moving objects accelerate?

No, only those whose speed or direction changes over time.

Can you have Acceleration without motion?

No, acceleration implies a change in speed or direction, which requires motion.

What factors can influence Acceleration?

Mass of the object, applied force, and existing speed can influence acceleration.

What causes Acceleration in an object?

Forces, such as pushing or pulling, cause acceleration in objects.

How does Speed differ from Velocity?

Speed is scalar and only considers magnitude, while velocity is vector, considering both speed and direction.

Speed or Acceleration?

Acceleration is a vector quantity as it has both magnitude and direction.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Tayyaba Rehman
Tayyaba Rehman is a distinguished writer, currently serving as a primary contributor to askdifference.com. As a researcher in semantics and etymology, Tayyaba's passion for the complexity of languages and their distinctions has found a perfect home on the platform. Tayyaba delves into the intricacies of language, distinguishing between commonly confused words and phrases, thereby providing clarity for readers worldwide.

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