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Styrofoam vs. Foam — What's the Difference?

By Tayyaba Rehman & Urooj Arif — Updated on April 2, 2024
Styrofoam is a trademarked brand of closed-cell extruded polystyrene foam, while foam refers broadly to a substance formed from trapped gas bubbles in a liquid or solid.
Styrofoam vs. Foam — What's the Difference?

Difference Between Styrofoam and Foam

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Key Differences

Styrofoam, a specific type of polystyrene foam, is known for its insulation properties and buoyancy, commonly used in construction and for disposable food containers. Foam, on the other hand, encompasses a wide range of materials, including polyurethane, latex, and memory foam, each with varied applications from cushioning to insulation.
While Styrofoam is lightweight and resistant to moisture, making it ideal for thermal insulation and protective packaging, foams can vary greatly in density, flexibility, and resistance to chemicals and heat, depending on their material composition. This versatility makes foam suitable for diverse uses, from mattresses and furniture to automotive and industrial applications.
Styrofoam's closed-cell structure gives it excellent insulation properties by trapping air, making it highly effective in reducing heat transfer. Various types of foam may have open or closed-cell structures, influencing their insulation capabilities, breathability, and moisture resistance.
In terms of environmental impact, Styrofoam has faced criticism for its non-biodegradability and the challenges associated with its disposal and recycling. Foams, depending on their type, can also pose environmental concerns, but many are increasingly designed to be more eco-friendly, with options for recycling and reduced environmental footprint.
The production process for Styrofoam involves the expansion of polystyrene beads, using blowing agents to form its distinctive structure. Foam production varies significantly across types, with processes ranging from chemical reactions forming gas bubbles to mechanical whipping of liquid materials.
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Comparison Chart

Material

Extruded polystyrene foam
Various materials (e.g., polyurethane, latex, memory foam)

Structure

Closed-cell
Can be open or closed-cell

Uses

Insulation, packaging, disposable containers
Cushioning, insulation, mattresses, furniture, automotive

Environmental

Non-biodegradable, recycling challenges
Varies; some types are recyclable or more eco-friendly

Production Process

Expansion of polystyrene beads
Varies; includes chemical reactions to mechanical whipping

Compare with Definitions

Styrofoam

Lightweight, moisture-resistant, and excellent insulation properties.
The Styrofoam insulation panels increased the home's energy efficiency.

Foam

A substance formed from trapped gas bubbles in a liquid or solid, encompassing various materials.
Foam padding is essential for comfortable seating.

Styrofoam

A brand of closed-cell extruded polystyrene foam.
Styrofoam is often used for coffee cups and coolers.

Foam

Some types are designed to be more eco-friendly.
Eco-friendly foam options are becoming more popular in the furniture industry.

Styrofoam

Primarily in insulation and disposable food containers.
Styrofoam containers are a common sight at takeout counters.

Foam

Used in mattresses, furniture, insulation, and more.
Foam insulation is effective in keeping buildings warm in winter.

Styrofoam

Criticized for its non-biodegradability and disposal issues.
Environmentalists recommend alternatives to Styrofoam due to its long decomposition time.

Foam

Includes a wide range of materials with diverse properties.
Memory foam mattresses adapt to the body's shape for improved sleep quality.

Styrofoam

Involves the expansion of polystyrene beads.
The production of Styrofoam is a fascinating process involving chemical expansion.

Foam

Diverse, depending on the type of foam.
The manufacturing process for polyurethane foam involves a fascinating chemical reaction.

Styrofoam

Styrofoam is a trademarked brand of closed-cell extruded polystyrene foam (XPS), commonly called "Blue Board", manufactured as foam continuous building insulation board used in walls, roofs, and foundations as thermal insulation and water barrier. This material is light blue in color and is owned and manufactured by The Dow Chemical Company.Styrofoam is colloquially used worldwide to refer to another material that is usually white in color and made of expanded (not extruded) polystyrene foam (EPS).

Foam

Foam is an object formed by trapping pockets of gas in a liquid or solid.A bath sponge and the head on a glass of beer are examples of foams. In most foams, the volume of gas is large, with thin films of liquid or solid separating the regions of gas.

Styrofoam

Expanded polystyrene foam, such as is used in cups and packaging.

Foam

A mass of small bubbles formed on or in liquid, typically by agitation or fermentation
A beer with a thick head of foam

Styrofoam

A light resilient foam of polystyrene

Foam

Form or produce a mass of small bubbles; froth
The sea foamed beneath them

Foam

A colloidal dispersion of a gas in a liquid or solid medium, such as shaving cream, foam rubber, or a substance used to fight fires. A foam may be produced, especially on the surface of a liquid, by agitation or by a chemical reaction, such as fermentation.

Foam

Any of various light, porous, semirigid or spongy materials, usually the solidified form of a liquid full of gas bubbles, used as a building material or for thermal insulation or shock absorption, as in packaging.

Foam

Frothy saliva produced especially as a result of physical exertion or a pathological condition.

Foam

The frothy sweat of a horse or other equine animal.

Foam

The sea.

Foam

To produce or issue as foam; froth.

Foam

To produce foam from the mouth, as from exertion or a pathological condition.

Foam

To be extremely angry; rage
Was foaming over the disastrous budget cuts.

Foam

To teem; seethe
A playground foaming with third graders.

Foam

To cause to produce foam.

Foam

To cause to become foam.

Foam

A substance composed of a large collection of bubbles or their solidified remains, especially:

Foam

A collection of small bubbles created when the surface of a body of water is moved by tides, wind, etc.

Foam

A collection of small bubbles formed from bodily fluids such as saliva or sweat.

Foam

A collection of small bubbles on the surface of a liquid that is heated, fermented or carbonated.

Foam

A collection of small bubbles created by mixing soap with water.

Foam

(firefighting) A collection of small bubbles formed by mixing an extinguishing agent with water, used to cover and extinguish fires.

Foam

A material formed by trapping pockets of gas in a liquid or solid.
A foam mat can soften a hard seat.

Foam

The sea.
He is in Europe, across the foam.

Foam

Fury.

Foam

(intransitive) To form or emit foam.

Foam

(intransitive) To spew saliva as foam; to foam at the mouth.

Foam

(firefighting) To coat or cover with foam.
It used to be common practice to foam the runway prior to an emergency landing, in case a fuel-fed fire occurred.

Foam

The white substance, consisting of an aggregation of bubbles, which is formed on the surface of liquids, or in the mouth of an animal, by violent agitation or fermentation; froth; spume; scum; as, the foam of the sea.

Foam

To gather foam; to froth; as, the billows foam.
He foameth, and gnasheth with his teeth.

Foam

To form foam, or become filled with foam; - said of a steam boiler when the water is unduly agitated and frothy, as because of chemical action.

Foam

To cause to foam; as, to foam the goblet; also (with out), to throw out with rage or violence, as foam.

Foam

A mass of small bubbles formed in or on a liquid

Foam

A lightweight material in cellular form; made by introducing gas bubbles during manufacture

Foam

Form bubbles;
The boiling soup was frothing
The river was foaming
Sparkling water

Common Curiosities

What is Styrofoam?

Styrofoam is a trademarked brand of closed-cell extruded polystyrene foam, known for its insulation properties.

How is foam defined?

Foam refers to a substance formed from trapped gas bubbles in a liquid or solid, encompassing a variety of materials.

Can foam be used in furniture?

Yes, various types of foam are used in furniture for cushioning and comfort.

Are there eco-friendly types of foam?

Yes, some foams are designed to be more eco-friendly, with options for recycling and reduced environmental impact.

Can all types of foam be used for insulation?

Yes, many types of foam are used for insulation, but their effectiveness varies based on their structure and material.

What distinguishes Styrofoam from other types of foam?

Styrofoam is a specific type of polystyrene foam with a closed-cell structure, while other foams can vary widely in materials and properties.

Is Styrofoam the same as all polystyrene foam?

No, Styrofoam is a branded type of extruded polystyrene foam; not all polystyrene foam is Styrofoam.

Why is foam used in mattresses?

For its ability to contour to the body, providing support and comfort.

Why is Styrofoam criticized for its environmental impact?

Due to its non-biodegradability and the challenges associated with its disposal and recycling.

What are common uses of Styrofoam?

It's commonly used for insulation, protective packaging, and disposable food containers.

What types of foam are there?

Types include polyurethane, latex, memory foam, and many others, each with specific uses and properties.

How is Styrofoam produced?

Through the expansion of polystyrene beads using blowing agents.

Are Styrofoam and foam recyclable?

Styrofoam recycling is challenging, whereas some types of foam are more easily recyclable.

What is the difference between open and closed-cell foam?

Open-cell foam is softer and more breathable, while closed-cell foam is denser and more moisture resistant.

What are the environmental considerations for using foam?

They include biodegradability, recycling possibilities, and the foam's overall environmental footprint.

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Author Spotlight

Written by
Tayyaba Rehman
Tayyaba Rehman is a distinguished writer, currently serving as a primary contributor to askdifference.com. As a researcher in semantics and etymology, Tayyaba's passion for the complexity of languages and their distinctions has found a perfect home on the platform. Tayyaba delves into the intricacies of language, distinguishing between commonly confused words and phrases, thereby providing clarity for readers worldwide.
Co-written by
Urooj Arif
Urooj is a skilled content writer at Ask Difference, known for her exceptional ability to simplify complex topics into engaging and informative content. With a passion for research and a flair for clear, concise writing, she consistently delivers articles that resonate with our diverse audience.

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