Whiskey vs. Cognac — What's the Difference?

Whiskey is a distilled spirit made from fermented grain mash, including barley, corn, rye, and wheat. It is aged in wooden casks, typically oak, which imparts unique flavors and characteristics. Whiskey production and aging processes can vary significantly, leading to different styles such as Scotch, Bourbon, and Rye. In contrast, Cognac is a variety of brandy produced from distilled white wine, primarily from the Ugni Blanc grape, in the Cognac region of France. Cognac undergoes a double distillation process in copper pot stills and must adhere to strict regulations to be labeled as Cognac.

Whiskey is known for its diverse flavor profiles influenced by the type of grain used, the distillation process, and the aging conditions. For instance, Scotch whiskey often has a smoky flavor due to the use of peat, while Bourbon tends to be sweeter with notes of vanilla and caramel from charred oak barrels. Cognac, on the other hand, offers a smoother, more refined taste profile with floral, fruity, and spicy notes, largely influenced by the terroir of the Cognac region and the meticulous aging process in French oak barrels.

The aging process for whiskey can range from a few years to several decades, with the age often indicated on the bottle. This aging process develops complex flavors and deepens the color. Cognac also follows a strict aging process, categorized into VS (Very Special), VSOP (Very Superior Old Pale), and XO (Extra Old), each representing different minimum aging periods, which contributes to its rich and nuanced flavor.

While both whiskey and Cognac are enjoyed as premium spirits, they are typically served differently. Whiskey is often enjoyed neat, on the rocks, or as part of various cocktails. Cognac, due to its refined flavor, is traditionally served neat in a snifter glass to enhance the aroma and tasting experience.